The future of cloud computing lies in verifiability. As we move more critical workloads off-chain, we need cryptographic guarantees that computation was performed correctly.
TEEs and ZK proofs offer different tradeoffs. TEEs provide fast execution with hardware-based trust assumptions, while ZK proofs offer mathematical certainty at the cost of proving overhead.
The interesting design space is in hybrid approaches - using TEEs for real-time execution while generating ZK proofs asynchronously for settlement.